简体中文 ▾ 主题 ▾ 最新版本 ▾ gitformat-signature 最近更新于 2.40.0

名称

gitformat-signature - Git 加密签名格式

概要

<[tag|commit] object header(s)>
<over-the-wire protocol>

描述

Git 在多个地方使用加密签名，目前包括对象（标签、提交、合并标签）和事务（推送）。在每种情况下，即将创建对象或事务的命令会从中确定一个有效载荷，调用外部程序为该有效载荷获取一个分离签名（对于 PGP 签名，是 gpg -bsa），并将该签名嵌入到对象或事务中。

签名以“ASCII Armor”头行开始，并以尾行结束，它们根据签名类型（由 gpg.format 选择，参见 git-config[1]）而不同。对于 gpg.format 值，它们是：

gpg (PGP)

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- 和 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----。或者，如果 gpg 被指示生成 RFC1991 签名，则为 -----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE----- 和 -----END PGP MESSAGE-----

ssh (SSH)

-----BEGIN SSH SIGNATURE----- 和 -----END SSH SIGNATURE-----

x509 (X.509)

-----BEGIN SIGNED MESSAGE----- 和 -----END SIGNED MESSAGE-----

签名有时作为正常有效载荷的一部分出现（例如，签名标签的签名块附加在签名所适用的有效载荷之后），有时出现在对象头的值中（例如，合并了签名标签的合并提交将在其“mergetag”头中包含整个标签内容）。在后一种情况下，对象头通常的多行格式规则适用。即，第二行及后续行以 SP 为前缀，以指示该行是前一行的延续。

这甚至对于原始空行也是如此。在以下示例中，以空格字符结尾的行尾用 $ 符号突出显示；如果您尝试手动重新创建这些示例，请勿剪切和粘贴它们——它们主要用于突出显示某些行末尾的额外空白字符。

签名的有效载荷以及签名嵌入方式取决于对象或事务的类型。

标签签名

  • 创建者：git tag -s

  • 有效载荷：带注释的标签对象

  • 嵌入方式：将签名附加到未签名的标签对象

  • 示例：主题为 signed tag 的标签 signedtag

object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
type commit
tag signedtag
tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000

signed tag

signed tag message body
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: GnuPG v1

iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRhOAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJklkIAIcnhL7RwEb/+QeX9enkXhxn
rxfdqrvWd1K80sl2TOt8Bg/NYwrUBw/RWJ+sg/hhHp4WtvE1HDGHlkEz3y11Lkuh
8tSxS3qKTxXUGozyPGuE90sJfExhZlW4knIQ1wt/yWqM+33E9pN4hzPqLwyrdods
q8FWEqPPUbSJXoMbRPw04S5jrLtZSsUWbRYjmJCHzlhSfFWW4eFd37uquIaLUBS0
rkC3Jrx7420jkIpgFcTI2s60uhSQLzgcCwdA2ukSYIRnjg/zDkj8+3h/GaROJ72x
lZyI6HWixKJkWw8lE9aAOD9TmTW9sFJwcVAzmAuFX2kUreDUKMZduGcoRYGpD7E=
=jpXa
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

  • 验证方式：git verify-tag [-v] 或 git tag -v

gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:56:46 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
type commit
tag signedtag
tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000

signed tag

signed tag message body

提交签名

  • 创建者：git commit -S

  • 有效载荷：提交对象

  • 嵌入方式：头条目 gpgsig（内容前有一个空格）

  • 示例：主题为 signed commit 的提交

tree eebfed94e75e7760540d1485c740902590a00332
parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
gpgsig -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
 Version: GnuPG v1
 $
 iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRjRAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJ3IwIAIY4SA6GxY3BjL60YyvsJPh/
 HRCJwH+w7wt3Yc/9/bW2F+gF72kdHOOs2jfv+OZhq0q4OAN6fvVSczISY/82LpS7
 DVdMQj2/YcHDT4xrDNBnXnviDO9G7am/9OE77kEbXrp7QPxvhjkicHNwy2rEflAA
 zn075rtEERDHr8nRYiDh8eVrefSO7D+bdQ7gv+7GsYMsd2auJWi1dHOSfTr9HIF4
 HJhWXT9d2f8W+diRYXGh4X0wYiGg6na/soXc+vdtDYBzIxanRqjg8jCAeo1eOTk1
 EdTwhcTZlI0x5pvJ3H0+4hA2jtldVtmPM4OTB0cTrEWBad7XV6YgiyuII73Ve3I=
 =jKHM
 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

signed commit

signed commit message body

  • 验证方式：git verify-commit [-v]（或 git show --show-signature）

gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:58:57 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
tree eebfed94e75e7760540d1485c740902590a00332
parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465981137 +0000
committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981137 +0000

signed commit

signed commit message body

合并标签签名

  • 创建者：在签名标签上由 git merge 创建

  • 有效载荷/嵌入方式：整个签名标签对象作为头条目 mergetag 嵌入到（合并）提交对象中

  • 示例：如上所述，合并签名标签 signedtag

tree c7b1cff039a93f3600a1d18b82d26688668c7dea
parent c33429be94b5f2d3ee9b0adad223f877f174b05d
parent 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1465982009 +0000
committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465982009 +0000
mergetag object 04b871796dc0420f8e7561a895b52484b701d51a
 type commit
 tag signedtag
 tagger C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1465981006 +0000
 $
 signed tag
 $
 signed tag message body
 -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
 Version: GnuPG v1
 $
 iQEcBAABAgAGBQJXYRhOAAoJEGEJLoW3InGJklkIAIcnhL7RwEb/+QeX9enkXhxn
 rxfdqrvWd1K80sl2TOt8Bg/NYwrUBw/RWJ+sg/hhHp4WtvE1HDGHlkEz3y11Lkuh
 8tSxS3qKTxXUGozyPGuE90sJfExhZlW4knIQ1wt/yWqM+33E9pN4hzPqLwyrdods
 q8FWEqPPUbSJXoMbRPw04S5jrLtZSsUWbRYjmJCHzlhSfFWW4eFd37uquIaLUBS0
 rkC3Jrx7420jkIpgFcTI2s60uhSQLzgcCwdA2ukSYIRnjg/zDkj8+3h/GaROJ72x
 lZyI6HWixKJkWw8lE9aAOD9TmTW9sFJwcVAzmAuFX2kUreDUKMZduGcoRYGpD7E=
 =jpXa
 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

Merge tag 'signedtag' into downstream

signed tag

signed tag message body

# gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 08:56:46 2016 UTC using RSA key ID B7227189
# gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
# gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
# gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
# Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189

  • 验证方式：验证默认嵌入在合并提交消息中，也可以通过 git show --show-signature 进行验证

commit 9863f0c76ff78712b6800e199a46aa56afbcbd49
merged tag 'signedtag'
gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 10:56:46 2016 CEST using RSA key ID B7227189
gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189
Merge: c33429b 04b8717
Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
Date:   Wed Jun 15 09:13:29 2016 +0000

    Merge tag 'signedtag' into downstream

    signed tag

    signed tag message body

    # gpg: Signature made Wed Jun 15 08:56:46 2016 UTC using RSA key ID B7227189
    # gpg: Good signature from "Eris Discordia <discord@example.net>"
    # gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
    # gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
    # Primary key fingerprint: D4BE 2231 1AD3 131E 5EDA  29A4 6109 2E85 B722 7189

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